James Kennedy introduces this report to Thorium Energy Alliance Conference #12 (TEAC12) attendees.
A Comprehensive List of China’s Advantages That Must Be Overcome for Any U.S. or Allied Rare Earth Project’s Success In 1997, the CCP formally codified the 16-Character Policy.
The “16-Character Policy” is the CCP’s overall direction that underlies the blurring of the lines berween State and commercial entities, and military and commercial interests. The sixteen characters literally mean:
- Combine the military and civil.
- Combine peace and war.
- Give priority to military products.
- Let the civil support the military.
China has exclusive control over the separation over all high-operating-temperature rare earths magnet metals: Tb, Dy, Ho & Sm (in addition to Gd, Eu and most other heavy rare earths).
This forces all REE producers to ship these materials to China for separation (including U.S. and Australian producers – funded by our DoD and DoE).
Tb, Dy and Ho are typically found in deposits with elevated levels of thorium.
Thorium is classified as nuclear source material, making U.S. / IAEA production of Tb, Dy and Ho highly problematic.
All high value REE separation happens in China. All high temp NdFeB magnets are dependent on Tb & Dy from China. China controls all EV, wind turbine & military grade NdFeB magnet production.
This Document Was Prepared for:
- U.S. House Caucus on Critical Materials
- U.S. House and Senate Natural Resource Committees
- U.S. House and Senate Armed Services Committees
- The White House National Security and Economic Council
- U.S. Department of Energy
- U.S. Department of Defense
- U.S. Allied Partner Governments
- U.S. and Allied Financial Institutions
List of Authors / Contributors, and Peer Review Expert: Dr. George Bauk, Dr. Sotiris Kamenopoulos, Dr. Ned Mamula, Dr. Anthony Caruso, James Kennedy, Guillaume Pitron, John Kutsch, Dr. James Conca, Jack Lifton, Dr. Marina Y. Zhang.